Thursday 28 April 2022

Hydrogen engines

Japan's 'Big Four' exploring hydrogen engines By Ben Purvis

Japan's 'Big Four' are considering working together to work on hydrogen-fuelled combustion engines, which promise to be carbon-neutral and nearly emissions-free while retaining the feel, performance characteristics and sound that we're familiar with. Initially Yamaha and Kawasaki hope to work together on hydrogen engine development, with Honda and Suzuki expected to join the effort at a later date.
Kawasaki showed its first step towards a hydrogen motorcycle engine last year, revealing a direct fuel-injected version of the supercharged H2 four-cylinder. While that prototype currently runs on petrol, not hydrogen, the development of direct injection tech is vital in the pursuit of making hydrogen engines work. 


If mixed with air before entering the cylinder, the volume of hydrogen would take up too much space, even though the ideal stoichiometric ratio is around 34:1 - far lower than for petrol engines. That would leave less space for air in the cylinder, reducing power by around 15% compared to petrol. In contrast, using direct-injected hydrogen raises power compared to a petrol engine by about the same percentage.
What's more, most hydrogen combustion engine prototypes are designed to use far more air than necessary for combustion, effectively running extremely lean, to reduce NOx emissions. To achieve that, forced induction is required, hence Kawasaki's decision to base its project on the supercharged H2 motor.
We've yet to see the result of the Yamaha-Kawasaki cooperation, but Yamaha has revealed its own hydrogen-powered combustion engine in the form of a V8 that it's developing on behalf of Toyota. This five-litre monster is based on an existing Toyota unit. With 450 hp and 540 Nm of torque, its performance is roughly on a par with the stock Toyota petrol version.
"We are working toward achieving carbon neutrality by 2050," said Yamaha Motor president Yoshihiro Hidaka. "At the same time, 'Motor' is in our company name, and we accordingly have a strong passion for and level of commitment to the internal combustion engine."
Although the deal to develop hydrogen motorcycle engines with Kawasaki has yet to be completed, Yamaha's announcement says: "Kawasaki and Yamaha Motor have started considerations toward the joint development of a hydrogen engine for possible use in two-wheeled vehicles".
What's more, they plan to add Honda and Suzuki to the arrangement later on, saying: "The four companies intend to jointly explore the possibility of achieving carbon neutrality through the use of internal combustion engines in two-wheeled vehicles. To maintain a distinct line between cooperation and competition, they intend to proceed after establishing a framework that will clearly define areas of cooperation and collaborative research".

News Briefs


Polaris has struck a deal with Qmerit, "a leader in green energy transformation with the largest nationwide network of certified electrical installers for EV charging, to provide a simple and convenient home-charging installation service solution for Polaris' customers in USA," says Steve Menneto, President of Off-Road. "With the launch of our new RANGER XP Kinetic, customers want a turnkey solution for fast, accessible charging. Qmerit will be the 'go-to' resource for Polaris and our dealers to support these customers' needs."

If Honda can enter the space industry, then why not Sony Corp in the EV market? Sony has created a new division to 'explore entering' the market and unveiled an Electric SUV prototype - Sony's Vision-S sport utility vehicle - at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January. Sony unveiled a prototype electric vehicle called the Vision-S sedan two years ago. This was viewed mainly as a way to promote the batteries and sensors the group sells to other car manufacturers. The Vision-S has been road tested in Europe since 2020. If or when the project matures, it is unclear as to whether Sony plans to do the manufacturing themselves or outsource the construction of Sony designs to a third party.

AMA Hall of Famer and leading off-road and motocross racer Preston Petty has died. His career spanned the 1950s through the early 1970s and he was the owner of Petty Plastics, a ground-breaking plastic motorcycle component business that changed the face of motorcycle racing. Petty passed away on Jan. 16. He was 81.

As part of its plans to mark its 60th anniversary, Brembo is planting a forest of 14,000 trees. The initiative, in partnership with Treedom, involves all Group employees. It will reduce CO2 in the atmosphere and support local farming communities. The Brembo Forest will be planted in Kenya, near Lake Victoria, where Brembo will work in partnership with web platform Treedom - the first such system to allow trees to be planted remotely and their stories followed online. Brembo aims to be a carbon neutral company by 2040.

Honda Motor Co., Ltd. has made a strategic investment in California based Helm.ai "to strengthen its software technology development in the areas of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision1 technologies" stating that "Helm.ai has key strengths in the area of AI-based image recognition technologies advanced through unsupervised learning". Founded in 2016, Honda and Helm.ai have been working in collaboration since 2019 through Honda Xcelerator3, Honda's global open innovation programme of Honda.

An as-new example of Honda's RC213V-S has broken a new world record, becoming the most expensive Japanese motorcycle ever sold at auction. Hosted by UK-based specialist automotive marketplace Collecting Cars, the 'MotoGP bike for the road' sold for a total sales price of £182,500 (approx. € 157,000/$136,000). The rare superbike has never been ridden and remains in its original flight case, with just one mile on the odometer. Created with a focus on light weight and agility, the RC213V-S is a road-legal 999 cc four-stroke V4 MotoGP bike, built around a hand-fabricated aluminium frame with carbon fibre body panels and titanium fasteners, resulting in a dry weight of just 170 kg.

The Duell Bike-Center Group has hired Karsten Hofmeister to set up and expand its dealer network in Germany. Hofmeister (56) is described as having 30 years of sales experience, including two decades in the motorcycle business, most recently having been with distributor Hartje's MOT team.

After the rumpus kicked up in Europe losing its largest dealer in Austria (Zündwerk/Strasshof) and the decision to terminate legendary long-standing dealer Bächli H-D in Switzerland, the trauma shaking Harley's dealer network in 'GAS' markets continues. B&B reports that H-D Cologne/Bonn Managing Directors Daniela Kierdorf and Jan Schneider have successfully won a reprieve in court in Germany from their termination amid allegations of racism against parent company K&K Holding Managing Director Georg Kierdorf.

Sources: AMD, IDN, FT, Reuters, PSB, MPN, BDN, MCN, AP, Bloomberg, MSNW, Electrek, electricmotorcycles.news, RideApart.com, Motor1.com, Cycle World, motorbikewriter.com

BAAS Bike Parts

BAAS Bike Parts - 20 years of electronic accessories

Dirk Baas spotted that motorcycle and scooter riders were already facing the need for better, more advanced and certainly more ergonomic accessories for the growing use of electronics on PTWs as long ago as 2001 - and the demands being placed on on-board power sources have grown exponentially ever since.


The BAAS business model has always been to sell through wholesalers, distributors and importers, and ever-increasing product demand has meant that Dirk has had to move his company three times since he started. He moved into his current 280 sq m (3,000 sq ft) warehouse and office space of 280 sq m in Abstatt in southern Germany in 2015, where three employees and two freelancers process hundreds of orders for thousands of parts every month.
Today's universal motorcycle and scooter accessories programme includes socket systems, USB chargers, accessory cables, chargers and plastic parts and components.
Dirk has always been quick to respond to the 'direction of travel' in electronic accessories, with new products coming to market regularly. A major accolade for a small business came in 2016 when KTM selected a BAAS USB on-board socket as original equipment on a KTM model - and it can still be selected as an accessory in the KTM vehicle configurator.
www.baas-parts.de

WRS

WRS - 'High' screens for Hayabusa

Founded in 2009 ("by riders, for riders"), Pesaro, Italy based WRS has started the season with new race announcements and additions to its windscreens range with a choice of options for the Suzuki GSX-R 1300 Hayabusa.
WRS R&D and manufacturing quality processes are driven in no small part by technical partnerships and sponsorships with major race teams - such as Pramac Racing (Ducati MotoGP), Team SIC 58 (Moto3 and Moto E), BMW Motorrad WSBK Official Team, and Team RedBull KTM Ajo (Moto2, Moto3).


The latest news is that WRS has now announced that it is the windscreen technical partner for the Mooney VR46 Racing Team - Luca Marini and Marco Bezzecchi in MotoGP and Celestino Vietti Ramus and Niccolò Antonelli in Moto2.
WRS windshields are made in high quality acrylic (Plexiglas PMMA), which is said to guarantee an excellent "transmittance" (ability to pass the light) and correct optical clarity. "They are safe and on impact can absorb the energy by breaking but not shattering like glass and do not create dangerous splinters," says CEO Nicolas Zavoli. 

 



"Our designs are so finely tuned that whether a high or a low design, we gain optimum protection from wind and rain. The basis of our designs has a more dynamic line that protects most of the body from the air, but leaves the face uncovered.
"Aerodynamics is about 'feel' as well as maths, and our comprehensive testing programmes allow us to offer aesthetically unique products with excellent aerodynamic protection and minimum turbulence values."
Available for the Hayabusa in clear or smoked, these new 'high' designs are +50 mm taller than the stock Suzuki screen they replace.

WRS SRL
www.wrs.it

Enduro Engineering

Enduro Engineering open-ended roost deflectors

Michigan, USA based Enduro Engineering offers importers and its dealers in Europe access to a wide and growing range of product designs for Enduro enthusiasts. 


Seen here, this open-ended roost deflector is said to be the "strongest on the market". Mounting directly to the brake and clutch lever perches, they don't take up any extra space on the handlebars.
The perch mount is manufactured from lightweight, high-strength, billet 6061 aluminium, and the deflector support bar is made of impact-absorbing composites. The ergonomic design of the mounting bar allows the deflector to flex in the case of an impact, dissipating the energy and protecting the hands and controls.

Sold as a pair of mounts, the separately sold deflectors are available in a range of model-match colourways.

ENDURO ENGINEERING
www.enduroeng.com




DC-AFAM

New AFAM MX6 chain - "The strongest link"

AFAM has launched a new MX6 chain - "a stronger and aesthetically refined chain that succeeds the MX5 and sets new standards on the market".
AFAM has been known and recognised for more than 40 years for its power transmission expertise, renowned for high levels of precision manufacturing and quality materials. The evolution of the brand's product range has followed in-step with the increasing demands that motorcycle designs and power make on the materials and components that are needed to "get the power down".


"AFAM chains and sprockets withstand extreme use and have minimum wear because of the special treatments we use and the very tight tolerances with which all our components are manufactured.
"There is no doubt that the most demanding use for motorcycle transmissions is in the off-road segment. After the super light steel sprocket (SLK) and the reinforced HDK sprocket, AFAM is now proud to introduce its new chain: the MX6. 

 


"AFAM has greatly improved the aesthetics and the technical aspects by increasing the push-out force between the pin and the outer plate - as well as the strength between the bush and the inner plate, which allows to keep an optimal flexibility of the chain.
"We have increased the fatigue strength by at least 25% compared to our MX5 chain, and the result is a chain that is not only able to compete with the best MX chains available on the market, but to set new standards in terms of durability and wear".
The MX6 chain is available in a choice of two finishes - gold inner plate/gold outer plate, and chromed interior plates/black exterior plates.

DC-AFAM

www.afam.com

LeoVince

LV One EVO for Tuareg 660

LeoVince has developed a new line of exhaust systems for the Aprilia Tuareg 660 (2022).
The LV One EVO is a "synthesis between tradition and modernity. It combines the LeoVince classic style looks with innovation in the research of the best high performance and lightweight materials.


"The body is in AISI 304 stainless steel and designed to make the LV One EVO Stainless Steel slim and impact-resistant with a distinguished look - the square lines of the design give an exclusively compact look".
LeoVince chose to shotblast the sleeve of the LV One EVO Stainless Steel, "for a unique titanium effect look. Unlike the usual LV One EVO carbon fibre end cap, we chose a specific design for the Aprilia Tuareg 660," says Director Roberto Morone.
"It is a design that fits perfectly with the style of the bike - combining the performance and adventure look without compromising the "Made in Italy" style. The LeoVince logo is laser-etched on the silencer - a silencer that is produced from the highest-grade materials and the latest technological innovations." LV One EVO Black Edition is also available for the 2022 Tuareg 660.

LEOVINCE
www.leovince.com


Ermax

Ermax for Triumph Trident

Founded in Marseille in 1978 by Roger Sabater, Roger has grown his Ermax business from a 50 m2 workshop into a 6,000 m2 factory employing some 24 people. 




Ermax sells its products in France through some 1,450 dealers and distributes worldwide to more than 50 parts and accessory importers. Roger's company specialises in aluminium and plastic thermoformed parts for motorcycles and scooters and is noted for being 'quick to market' with designs and applications for most of the newly introduced best-selling models from the most popular manufacturers in Italy, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Spain, France and China. 


The high-tech Ermax design team and research department is well known for its understanding of material properties and riding ergonomics and that has resulted in a product range that combines quality, ergonomics and riding comfort with aerodynamics, durability and strength.
Since his start in business, Roger has seen race team support as an important credential, and down the years, Ermax designs have featured on world championship-winning bikes in disciplines such as MotoGP, Endurance SBK and others. In 2019, Ermax became an official supplier of KTM Redbull Tech3 MotoGP and Moto2, Moto3 CIP KTM and WSS Yamaha GMT 94.
Best known for the huge range of screens, seen here are new product applications for the Triumph Trident, including a nose fairing, light black screen and mounting kit and seat cover.
The nose fairing gives a Café Racer look to the stock Trident; it, and the seat cover, are available in raw, painted, satin black (Black Line) or carbon look.

ERMAX S.A.S.
www.ermax.com

Rukka

Rukka new 3-in-1 Gore-Tex riding suits

Synonymous with protection and comfort, premium quality and uncompromising design, this all-new versatile Rukka 'Rapto-R' suit for men and 'Raptorina' 3-in-1 suit for women are additions to the Rukka 'Armaprotection' that "impress with their high-quality materials and excellent comfort in a wide variety of riding conditions".
The 3-layer Gore-Tex Pro laminate makes the jacket and trousers fully water- and windproof while offering a market-leading level of breathability. The material is elastic throughout and easily conforms to the wearer’s movements with Armacor reinforcements at the elbows, shoulders, knees and hips to provide higher wear resistance.


These versatile suits are able to cover a wide range of temperatures from near freezing all the way to mid-season highs: in warm weather, multiple well-placed ventilation zips can be used to promote airflow within the suit and stay cool, while the included extra warm down liners provide insulation when riding in the cold.
The down inner jacket and trousers fit comfortably under the protective shells and can be packed into their own pouches when not in use. High-quality protectors developed by Rukka in cooperation with D3O are said to "provide excellent impact protection with Rukka D3O Air XTR Level 2 protectors on the shoulders, elbows, back, hips and knees, plus a D3O CP1 Level 1 chest protector.
The 'Raptorina' suit comes with a Rukka D3O Air XTR Level 1 back protector and D3O LP1 Level 1 protectors for the shoulders, elbows, hips and knees, with an option to upgrade to Level 2 protectors if desired, and additionally includes a pocket for a D3O CP1 divided chest protector.
The Rukka AirCushion system on the seat of the trousers forms a thin air cushion on the contact surface with the seat, reducing condensation. An integrated and stowable Rukka ATS Gore-Tex stretch collar provides additional wind protection.

RUKKA
www.rukka.com

NEXX

NEXX - X.WRL "Wild Rally"

Portuguese manufacturer NEXX says its new X.WRL (Wild Rally) is a helmet "designed for Hard Enduro practice. Extremely light and comfortable and with impressive ventilation, this new model has unique features that make it the ideal choice for those looking for a helmet for more technical and difficult terrain and for wearing off-road goggles".


Moulded with its brand-new aerodynamic X-PRO CARBON technology shell with panoramic eye-port and a weight of just 1,250 g, the new neck brace-friendly shell design has a new, easily replaced, no-tool, extreme conditions-resistant visor and peak closing button, action camera support top, additional ventilations in the eyebrow area, goggle strap holder integrated in the back of the helmet and double D-ring with new X-LOCK magnetic button.
The X.WRL shares features with the NEXX top-of-the-range X.WED2 VAAL, such as smart strap equipped cheek pads with X-HIDRO system, Pinlock prepared clear and Iridium Red visors and brand-new Transitions smart light visors that automatically adapt to the ideal colour shade in any light condition - clear at night and smoky when exposed to strong light.

NEXX HELMETS
www.nexx-helmets.com

Thursday 21 April 2022

Comment by Editor, Robin Bradley

Are we really trying to win?

It feels a bit 'off' to be talking about routine matters such as the registration stats for the start of the year while freedom and democracy are still under assault here on our own continent. For the record though, motorcycle sales have started well in 2022 - possibly in response to the spikes in petrol prices as much as anything else.
Those price increases are not, or at least were not initially (or principally), triggered by the war in Ukraine. However, as the conflict looks set to deepen and lengthen, it might well be that - rather like the effects of the pandemic on consumer attitudes to urban mobility in 2020 - the motorcycle market in 2022 could again be an unwitting beneficiary. This time as international wholesale petroleum prices continue to harden in response to supply uncertainties as well as increased demand.
The latest new motorcycle registrations data available from the national trade associations for four of Europe's 'Big Five' markets (which between them account for some 80% of annual registrations) show 2022 starting strongly.
For once, the comparables are not distorted by any (or certainly not many) regulatory issues. The start of 2021 was impacted by the final stages of the long drawn-out transition from Euro 4 to 5 - one that affected two or three year ends.
At press time, we had January and February data for Italy, Germany and the UK, and January to March (Q1) data for Spain.
In the case of all, except Germany, the start of 2022 is up on the beginning of 2021, up on the start of 2020, up on the start of 2019 (crucially) and equally significantly ahead of any comparable period since the financial crisis triggered a meltdown in the period between 2007 and 2013.
 

reserve me a place at the barricade

 

In the case of Germany, so far this year the market is up over 2021 (by better than 22% in fact), but still down by around 1,500 units over 2020 and some 500 units over 2019. That said, the start to this year has still been the third best in Germany in more than a decade.
In the interests of completeness, the Spanish market for Q1 is up by nearly 17%, in Italy by nearly 26%, and Germany by better than 22% - with the UK data clearly being anomalous, posting +76.30% for the first two months of 2022 after recording a massive and much delayed Euro 5 statistical hit at the start of 2021; with Brexit issues also complicating everything to do with UK statistics at that point - for all markets and industries.
Leaving the detail in the wing mirror, any way you look at it, the data represents a whole bunch more helmet, apparel, boots and glove sales volume for dealers and their vendors, and a nice increase in the 'Park' for interval service and, eventually, repair and upgrade spending. Up is up at the end of the day, and up is good. We like up!
All that said, the most certain of certainties remains the age-old time-honoured cliché that uncertainty is the only thing we can be sure about.
There is no telling how the war in Ukraine is going to play out, but there is no such thing as a "good" outcome for anyone in such circumstances - for either of the combatants nor for anybody else.
As yet, the effects of conflict contagion are unknown, and probably won't be fully understood until some time after the conflict is resolved. Whatever the end does look like and whenever that comes, for sure there will be contagion of some kind. There always is.
This is no Syria or Sudan, no Afghanistan, Iraq or Libya. It isn't even directly comparable in continental European terms to the Balkans mash-up when Yugoslavia dissolved into rivalry and anarchy.
Compared to the other conflicts we have seen around the world in the past three or four decades, there are some similarities though. That sequence of wars in Europe started out as conflict between what had been provinces of an artificially unified single Balkan mega-state. It was here in our midst in Europe, and it too was an example of the failure of the parties on either side of the Cold War to resolve opposing ideologies and world views.
The West may have thought it had won the war, but even thirty years on, it certainly has still not yet managed to win the peace.
Personally, I have always been 'bullish' where defence of democratic and liberal values are concerned, where freedom is concerned - reserve me a place at the barricade!
You don't have to be a PhD student of history to understand that it is generally as much the interests of trade that have taken us into wars as anything else, and those same interests are what generally, eventually, takes us out of them too. It is wealth that has driven successful outcomes where nationalist, ideological or imperial rivalries have been concerned. They who spend most, win most.
Western politicians are often guilty of not giving the production of surplus the place of primacy in the affairs of man that it warrants. While it is good to see the "allies" reaching for the spreadsheets before the shells this time round, as with pregnancy, war is something in which trying to be a little bit successful is not a viable strategy.
Every time the EU, NATO, UN, G7/G20 talk about applying even more sanctions against the aggressor, my unfiltered automatic reaction is to ask why we left anything on the table in the first place? The weaker we are, the higher the number of people who will end up paying the ultimate price and the harder (and more expensive) it will be to stabilise the world once it is over.
There are no quick, easy single answers, but it is utterly beholden on the world to find the most effective combination of answers and apply them to the max - and do so as quickly as possible - and that includes boots on the ground and planes in the air if there is no other way of ending it quickly.
Yes, switching off the flow of gas and oil, minerals and ores, coal and grain will be expensive - but time is money, and the sooner we embrace what it takes to get this ended, whatever that is, then the sooner we'll be able to get back to selling all parties our bright and shiny things.
If we think trying to win is expensive in terms of lives, treasure expended and potential bigger picture risk is concerned, it will be as nothing compared to failing to win.




Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Research Group (MOD3RN)

3D printed steel frame is lighter than titanium

The Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Research Group (MOD3RN) at Nebrija University in Madrid has created a motorcycle frame by 3D printing it from powered steel - the result is lighter than conventional designs made from aluminium or even titanium.
Backed by steel producer AcelorMittal, the project uses readily available materials in the form of powered steel and known 3D printing technology, using lasers to selectively fuse the material together in layers, building up the entire frame in a series of slices. The challenge was to meet the rigidity requirements of a motorcycle frame while using the absolute minimum amount of material. 




The project had to develop computer algorithms that allow the operator to enter details of key hardpoints of the chassis - the engine mount positions, for instance, and the steering head and swingarm pivot location - as well as the required level of rigidity. The computer can then work out a layout of frame struts that meets those requirements and which can be 3D printed with the least material.
It is the latter part of the process that is critical - the frame struts are all hollow, with walls between 0.8 mm and 1 mm thick, and normal 3D printing would require those hollow areas to be filled with support structures. By placing the frame struts at particular angles, and orienting the frame correctly during the print process, the Nebrija algorithms eliminate these supports, significantly reducing weight.
Sergio Corbera, engineering director at the university, said: "The possibility of generating hollow parts was the main unknown in metal 3D printing. We are talking about wall thicknesses of between 0.8 and 1 millimetre in the chassis. This involved addressing several issues within 3D printing: stability of the piece during the printing process as a result of the very low thicknesses, control of porosities and mechanical properties in these thicknesses, and orientation of the geometric shape to avoid internal supports."

 


The resulting prototype frame, designed to suit a single-cylinder race bike, weighs just 3.8 kg, compared to around 5 kg for a similar frame made from aluminium using conventional processes. A normal steel trellis frame of the same size would be 6 to 7 kg.
Since the 3D printing process is relatively slow, taking hours to build up the frame, layer after layer, it's not ideally suited to mass production (yet!). However, it could be a game-changer for prototyping during the R&D phases of a new bike's design, allowing new iterations of chassis to be created relatively quickly and with minimal manual engineering input into either the design or construction.

TracTive

TracTive Suspension - "unmatched precision and handling"

Last month we featured the "TracTive Story". From being founded in 2010 by six former WP Suspension engineers and executives to a team of 45 in 2022, offering aftermarket suspension technology (and better!) that is available through its private label contracts and as own-brand aftermarket suspension products.
This month, we have details of more of the new products that the company introduced at EICMA in November 2021 …

X-CHANGE PRO PDS rear shock - Africa Twin Adventure Sports

 



Honda installed the electronic EERA suspension into the Honda Africa Twin Adventure Sports "while the ride height functionality works fine, the standard spring and damping is mostly way too soft for the average adventure rider, and the electronic damping adjustment range is barely noticeable. The TracTive X-CHANGE solution solves this - it is supplied with the right spring for the weight of rider and provides the perfect damping for every application by manual adjustment. At the same time, the original ride height system is retained, and no errors will occur with the EERA system. It has separate low and high-speed compression adjusters for optimum tuning for different tracks and has an anti-bottoming PDSII system; available in various ride heights".

eX-CHANGE PRO rear shock - BMW R 1250 GS/R 1250 GSA 

 



"With this product, the original ESA suspension system is brought to a new level. It allows use of the original auto-levelling spring preload system - a new damper is added with improved damping performance due to the patented TracTive DDA valve. Adventure riders will appreciate the higher thermal stability due to the larger oil capacity (larger piston and reservoir). The extra manual adjusters allow for optimal handling for different tracks. Because the shock functions with the original connectors and motorbike controls, there is no conflict with the original systems. Available in lowered and long travel versions".

eX-CELLENT set - S 1000 RR, S 1000 XR, S 1000 R 



 

TracTive says it is the only suspension company worldwide that supplies full Plug & Play electronic systems for these models. The original BMW electronic suspension is manufactured by VRM Marzocchi and contains the patented TracTive DDA (Dynamic Damping Adjustment) technology. The rear shock absorber and the front cartridges fit to the original connectors and, besides full dynamic ESA compatibility, offer tuning features like spring choice, spring preload and additional manual damping adjustments.

TRACTIVE SUSPENSION
www.tractivesuspension.com

Stat attack



Germany: After finishing 2021 down by -11.90% (116,407 units), new motorcycle registrations in Germany have started strongly according to the latest data from the IVM. For the first two months of 2022, the German motorcycle market is +22.13% with 12,234 new units registered. Total new PTW registrations are +37.90% for the January and February period, with 18,542 new units registered in total. BMW remains market leader with seven models in the top 20 bestseller list - the best-selling motorcycle in Germany YTD being the R 1250 GS (1,376 units), followed by the MT-07, Ténéré 700, Z 900 and the Africa Twin in fifth.

United Kingdom: According to the latest MCIA data, the UK has started the year well, with 10,495 new motorcycles registered in January and February for a +76.30% market performance compared to the first two months of 2021. The UK market was +10.17% (106,355 units) for the full year 2021. Statistics such as those seen in January and February this year are generally due to an anomaly of some kind - though it is possible that, as elsewhere in Europe, the market is responding to the massive spikes in petrol prices. This is the best 'early year' market performance in the UK since before the 2007/2010 financial crisis. Total new PTW registrations YTD in the UK are running at +71.09% (11,333 units).

Spain: The latest data from ANESDOR shows new motorcycle registrations in Spain at +16.88% for the first three months of 2022 (38,701 units) - though March was down by -3.40% (14,676 units). Nonetheless, it was still the best Q1 start to the year in Spain since before the 2007/2010 financial crisis. Total PTW registrations YTD in Spain were +16.25% (42,443 units). Honda is market share leader YTD (24.4% share), followed by Yamaha, BMW, Piaggio and KYMCO. For the record, the Spanish motorcycle market was +6.26% for the full year 2021 at 165,115 units.

Italy: The Italian motorcycle market closed out March at -2.96% (29,646 total PTWs) according the latest ANCMA data - "motorcycles and mopeds did well, scooters were down". In fact, scooter registrations were down by -18.36% (13,516 units), while motorcycles were up strongly at +16.13% (14,488 units); mopeds were also up by +8.1% (1,642 units). For Q1, 64,712 new units were registered in total for a +0.23% market performance overall; 32,748 motorcycles (+21.38%); 27,378 scooters (-18.58%) and 4,550 mopeds (+15.75%). The electric market was up with 1,486 units registered in March (+66.22%) and 3,424 new electric units registered in total for Q1 (+67.27%).

Galfer

Galfer to "own the tracks" in 2022
 
Leveraging its 70 years of experience, Spanish brake components specialist Galfer is aiming to "go all out in this, our 70th anniversary year - we are increasing the number of riders and teams using Galfer brake discs, pads and lines across the world's most important motorbike disciplines in the 2022 season, both on and off-road".
"We are focusing on racing as never before," says Galfer Director General Umberto Milesi. "We have several new additions with the Snipers Team in Moto3, Sherco CH Racing Enduro team and the Dynavolt-Triumph Supersport team all worthy of a special mention.
"On the track, Galfer will have up to 12 riders in the Moto3 class, two riders in Moto2, eight riders in WSBK Supersport 600 and two riders in Supersport 300.
"Some of the standout names include Dennis Foggia (Leopard Racing), Andrea Migno (Snipers Team), Lorenzo Baldassarri (Evan Bros Team) and Stefano Manzi (Dynavolt-Triumph). They will all be fighting for world titles during the 2022 season with help from the advanced technology of our new award-winning Floatech discs and Galfer racing brake pads."


Galfer will be very well represented in the EnduroGP discipline with up to 21 riders competing in the World Championship, including some of the strongest and most successful international riders in the discipline.
These include Beta Factory Team riders Steve Holcombe and Brad Freeman, who have won the most recent world championships, as well as the TM Boano with Cavallo, Ruprecht, Pavoni and Philippaerts and a new addition, the Sherco CH Racing team with Antoine Magain, Hamish Macdonald, Daniel McCanney and Zach Pichon. Galfer also provides components for the Fantic d'Arpa Team and the KTM WP Eric Augé team bikes.


In Motocross, Galfer continues as MXGP sponsor for the second consecutive year and competes in the MXGP 2022 World Championship with 12 different teams and up to 35 riders - including the Beta SDM Corse Team (Jeremy Van Horebeek and Alessandro Lupino), the Honda 114 Motorsport Team (Rubén Fernández and Hakon Fredriksen), the SM Action GasGas Team (Alberto Forato and Andrea Adamo), Diga Procross KTM Team (Thomas Kjer Olsen and Liam Everts) and the MRT Racing Team KTM (Michele Cervellin and Valerio Lata).
The brand will also support several riders and teams in the AMA SuperCross Championship, including Rockstar Husqvarna Factory Racing with Malcolm Stewart and Dean Wilson. Last but by no means least, in Trials, Toni Bou and his Montesa-Honda will once again be leading the Galfer riders - as he aims to win his 31st consecutive world title - alongside Bou's new teammate Gabriel Marcelli.
Other teams who will also be using Galfer products include GasGas, Beta, Vertigo, Scorpa and Sherco. The 2021 season ended with 12 world titles for Galfer supported teams and riders. www.galfer.es

Umberto Milesi appointed Vice President of ANESDOR

Galfer Director General and founder's son Umberto Milesi has been appointed to represent the component and accessory market in Spain as a vice president on the board of Spanish two-wheels sector industry association ANESDOR.
His appointment was unanimously ratified by the General Assembly of the association, and he replaces María Ángeles Juan of J.Juan Brake Systems.
Milesi has been leading Galfer Industries since 2008. Previously, he was the commercial director of IGSA and worked at the European Commission.


For ANESDOR, Secretary General Jose María Riaño said: "Industrias Galfer is a leading company in the manufacture of friction materials and components for braking systems for the motorcycle sector. Since its foundation, the company has been at the forefront of innovation, quality and organisation and racing is in its DNA - its factory is adjacent to the Montmeló circuit in Granollers, Barcelona."
Umberto is quoted as saying: "The components and accessories industry is a very important part of the motorcycle and light vehicle sector. As a representative of these companies on the ANESDOR Board of Directors, my job will be to enhance their voice in the sector."

NCCR

NCCR Rotax/Buell 'Helicon' SuperSingle

It has been nearly 30 years since Ducati's legendary but limited-production Supermono demonstrated the potential of converting a V-twin engine into a balanced single-cylinder - and now Swedish company NCCR is performing the same trick on the Rotax-made Buell Helicon engine.
The Helicon was the basis of the final generation of original Buell machines, including the 2007-on 1125R and 1125CR, and went on to form the basis of the Erik Buell Racing 1190 models that emerged from the ashes after Harley-Davidson closed Buell in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, with power ranging from 146 hp to 185 hp. By turning it into a single, with an initial capacity choice of 562 cc or 595 cc, depending on whether it's based on the 1125 or 1190 Helicon, NCCR expects around 70 hp, with the option to increase that to 90 hp with a planned big bore kit to raise capacity to 660 cc - 700 cc.
Why build a single from a V-twin? The answer today is the same one that Ducati explored in its 1992 Supermono: the unused cylinder forms the basis of a balancer mechanism to eliminate the usual single-cylinder vibes. In simplified terms, the piston and cylinder are removed and the conrod is bolted to a pivoting balance weight mounted in a new casting that bolts on where the cylinder should sit. 


It's a balance system that worked not only on the original Supermono, but more recently on BMW's parallel twin models, which have a rocking balancer below the crankshaft.
The NCCR engine isn't simply a Ducati Supermono copy, though. The initials stand for Northern Classic, Custom and Race, and NCCR was EBR's European partner. The company also looks after the original EBR WSB race bikes, as well as EBRs that competed at Macau and the IoM TT.
To create the first SuperSingle, NCCR has opted to remove the V-twin's front cylinder, where Ducati sliced off the rear one. The result is a backward-leaning single-cylinder with a reverse cylinder head - intake at the front, exhaust at the rear. It's an unusual layout, but not unique; Honda's Moto3 race bikes use the same rear-leaning, reverse head idea, as do certain Yamaha motocross bikes and BMW's single-cylinder G310 models. However, there's little reason that the same kit of conversion parts couldn't be used to remove the rear cylinder and keep the front one if the layout works better for some applications.
Jens Krüper, co-founder of NCCR, explains: "The SuperSingle concept gives us some great opportunities, like positioning the working cylinder front or rear, depending on which weight distribution you are looking for. Modern standing Enduro riding styles always generate bad rear wheel traction, that's why we use the rear cylinder position for our first build now. It also gives us excellent packaging possibilities to protect other components like the radiator and the exhaust system.
"Imagine how reliable that engine will be - three litres of oil plus a clutch and gearbox that can easily handle more than double of the power we're aiming on. The Helicon is a very reliable and long-term proven engine platform. The engines are fairly cheap to find, and last but not least, we have more than a decade of experience with it."
NCCR is initially building the engine into a 'travel enduro' demonstrator, but also envisages a future for the engine in a Sound of Singles race machine using the big bore version of the Helicon based unit.
Birgit Krüper, CEO at NCCR, explains that the company will make the engines available along with chassis kits, and may even offer complete machines: "We see a clear business opportunity in developing the SuperSingle engine concept. In times when most bikes get heavier and heavier and have more and more technology on board, a light and simple but rugged and reliable set-up will have its market. With making engine and chassis components available, we plan to support cost- friendly individual bike builds."

Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd.

NEO'S - Yamaha "strategic electric vehicle"

Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. has announced the European launch of the 2.5 kW class NEO'S electric scooter utilising a removable battery design. The company also plans to release the model to ASEAN markets in stages.
"The NEO'S is an electric scooter with a simple yet stylish body and features the smooth and agile performance unique to EVs.
"In Europe, a new segment of users is emerging from the shift away from car-based commuting to two-wheeled commuting, driven by changes in urban systems such as no-entry zones for vehicles, parking problems and traffic congestion. 


"The traditional user base for 50 cm3 scooters is also shifting to electric alternatives, thus demand for electric scooters in the equivalent 2.5 kW class is expected to grow in the future. The NEO'S is aimed at answering the needs of Europe's electric scooter market, and the model itself will be manufactured by Yamaha Motor Vietnam Co., Ltd."
The main features include the Yamaha Integrated Power Unit II (YIPU II) "delivering quiet but long-lasting acceleration"; a battery offering approx. 37 km of cruising range from a full charge; a model-specific frame design and new low-loss tyres "for a comfortable, energy-efficient ride" and styling based on Yamaha's Jin-Ki Kanno EV design concept that "places the MOTOROiD concept model at the top of the pyramid".
The company's Yamaha Motor Group Environmental Plan 2050 sets a goal of reducing Scope 3 CO2 emissions (emissions produced from the company's value chain, e.g., use of sold products) by 90% by 2050 compared to 2010. The NEO'S is a strategic electric vehicle that will be introduced to the market in order to help achieve this goal. The initial sales target is 10,000 units a year in Europe with an MSRP of € 2,999.

Surflex

KTM Enduro and MX clutch kits

Italian clutch specialist Surflex has leveraged its 70 years of clutch manufacturing experience in developing these new discs for KTM OEM replacement Enduro and MX applications.
These race-bred, competition grade discs for race and leisure use "meet riders’ demands for the best performance from their bikes. These kits can be used by all fans with great confidence that they are using a clutch that is able to guarantee maximum efficiency and reliability".


The kit includes nine die-cast aluminium trimmed discs: eight middle steel discs. The advanced, special formula off-road-specific friction coating is a mixture composed of fibres and technologically advanced resins.
Surflex says the coating has been in development for a long time and has been specified to deliver a homogeneous delivery of material right across the friction track. The result is said to be consistent coefficient of friction and an excellent resistance to high temperatures and abrasion.
The clutch can be more easily modulated, and can avoid sudden breaking or lock-up, even in conditions that produce prolonged stresses, allowing for consistent and reliable power transmission. The kits are 100 percent interchangeable with the original designs - for KTM models such as the 450 SX-F, 450 EXC-F, 500 EXC and XC-W.

SURFLEX S.R.L.
www.surflex.it

Vertex

Vertex Pistons - 2022 Road pistons line

Updated to include 2022 applications, the Vertex range of pistons for road-going sport motorcycles was developed in Moto3 in collaboration with the SIC58 Team and in the Superbike and Supersport GPs.
These road pistons, developed exclusively for riding on the track, are offered in Replica or High Compression versions, complete with rings, wrist pin and circlips.
Vertex says that among the advantages, "the weight is at the lowest limits of the category, and they have an increased compression ratio that significantly increases engine performance without any loss of reliability". 


Already on the market for Yamaha, Honda, Suzuki, Kawasaki, BMW and Ducati 600, 1000 and 1200 cc engines, Vertex Road pistons are also now available for the KTM Duke.
However, Vertex is not only about racing pistons, but also offers the market a made-in-Europe range of front and rear sprockets dedicated to off-road motorcycles "that have been fine-tuned with the collaboration of the factory Motocross and Enduro teams.
"All our rear sprockets are customised with the exclusive Vertex design, are CNC precision- manufactured with high quality materials, are completely anodised to increase wear resistance and improve durability and have quality certification".
Three specifications are available - Steel-Sprockets, made in special black anodise finished C45 stainless steel; Alu-Sprockets in 7075 T6 heat-treated alloy with mud grooves on one side, and Duo-Sprockets, made with a 16CrNi4 steel outer with long lasting induction teeth and a core in 7075 T6 heat- treated core. Vertex' Alu and Duo sprockets are available in a choice of model-match colourways.
There are two front sprockets available - the basic model K, and the KC version equipped with carefully designed and precision-machined lightening holes that do not compromise reliability. Both are produced in special 16CrNi4 steel, fully CNC-machined and come with quality certifications.

VERTEX PISTONS/VP ITALY S.R.L.
www.vertexpistons.com


GIVI

Top-flight range of bags

The seven bags that make up GIVI's X-Line family, introduced at EICMA last year and available now, are said to be "very sturdy, expandable and water-resistant, representing a coming-together of technologies, embracing innovative choices in terms of materials, fixing systems and options for mounting on specific motorcycle models".


X-Line shows the technical and aesthetic solutions devised by GIVI over the last two years. During this period, the company "has worked at full throttle on its 'soft' solutions", and the company now offers seven different product ranges.
The X-Line range comprises three cargo bags, one saddle bag and three tank bags. They all use a blend of high-quality materials (polyester, TPU and nylon), have expandable volumes and removable and waterproof internal bags. Other important aspects include high UV resistance of the external bags, selection of materials that meet REACH standards, reflective inserts and a base in non-slip material, and zip pullers which are suitable for use with a lock.
In more detail, the range consists of the XL01 cargo bag, expandable from 15 to 20 l, the XL02 roll-top cargo bag (25 to 35 l - can be transformed into a backpack), the XL03 roll-top cargo bag (39 to 52 l - can also be used as a backpack), the XL04 tanklock tank bag (15 to 20 l), the XL05 tanklock tank bag (15 to 18 l), the XL06 universal tanklock tank bag (15 to 20 l) and the XL07 saddle bag (9 to 12 l).

GIVI S.P.A.
www.givimoto.it


Wednesday 13 April 2022

Supersprox

Letter from Ukraine
By DJ Maughfling
Photos: Albert Garcia

Writing on April 2nd, Supersprox' Director General DJ Maughfling has written this update on how the war with Russia continues to affect business operations and, above all, the people who work for Supersprox at its Ukraine factory, some 150 km west of the capital Kyiv …

It has been 35 days from the start of the war in Ukraine. It feels, for me, that the war has been going on forever. We have faced more difficulties in these few days than we faced in the past 10 years.
Things that are not even 'things' now become huge issues. We face the possibility of death almost every day, from missiles and dropped bombs. There have been some moments when I was scared in a way that I have never known before. Everyone here is finding it difficult and we are all touched by the waste and destruction in the country.

Supersprox' Director General DJ Maughfling

Sergiy removing scraps, with Valeriy behind


However, there is a strange phenomenon that occurs during these testing times. I did not recognise it until I faced the fear of imminent death. There can be a change in one's state of mind. People are able to move their borders of fear in order to cope with continuous stress. This state of mind has helped me and will help the people of Ukraine to pass through this war and recover.
On the day that the war broke out, I was in Slovakia. It was a shock and hard to process what was happening in the place I had just left. Although I knew from that first day that I needed to come back to Ukraine and support our staff, I was not able to process the reasoning in my mind.
 

'a change in one's state of mind'

 

That day, I drove with my wife and our small dog back to the border between Slovakia and Ukraine. A border that we had only crossed the day before. I have to admit that my wife was not at all happy about my plan to return to Zhytomyr. It was understandable! She told me that she didn't want to return, but she was not going to stay in Europe without me.
At the border, we were the only car heading into Ukraine. Facing us were thousands of women and children, trying to leave for what they hoped was the safety of western Europe. The Ukraine border guard went to hand us back our passports and then stopped himself. He looked at us for a moment and said: “Are you sure that you want to go back? There shooting in Zhytomyr.” It was terrifying to hear. 




At that very moment my heart felt as if it would jump from my chest. I wasn't even sure anymore whether I was doing something helpful or completely stupid. I didn't say anything to the guard, just took the passports and returned to our car.
In the car, the silence was deafening. It might have taken an hour to pass through the crowds of people and abandoned cars at the border. Finally on the road, we started driving towards the Carpathian Mountains. There are two roads going to Zhytomyr. The northern route is faster. However, we decided to go on a southern road. We had heard that Russian forces were coming down from Belarus and we didn't want to encounter them on the way back.
As we drove on and on, all the traffic was facing us, and it made us fearful of what we were heading into.
 

'night-time missile attacks on Zhytomyr'

 

The first days back in Zhytomyr were the hardest. Russians were making advances and we heard reports about the human tragedy in regions around Kyiv - where relatives of our staff were living and desperately trying to escape - and the night-time missile attacks on Zhytomyr were keeping our staff in a constant state of fear.
People were spending half the night in bomb shelters, due to explosions. Then trying to function during the day. It is tough on the mind. But here is where the strange thing starts to happen. Every day that we didn't die made us a little less fearful. When in Ukraine, I live on the 10th floor of an apartment building, and have slept in my own bed every night.
I decided from the start that I would not go to the shelters - I would not be able to manage our team effectively if I was half exhausted. After the helpless and hopeless feeling on the first days, we have reached many small victories in the company.


Our first 'win' was to make an export of produced parts on the 11th of March. That seemed impossible in the beginning, but we were terrifically fortunate. Possibly our staff were motivated by my return. They felt that it could be ok if 'DJ' had returned. Several people have said that it motivated them. To be honest, I didn't know anything, but we are all hanging on to those hopeful messages and signs.
At the start, there were no factories operating in the city, apart from ours. The trucking companies all closed down and the customs office wasn't working. We had a huge task finding a truck to move the sprockets. No one wanted to drive to our city. We did find a truck 150 km west, where the owner said that he would take our goods, if we could get them to him. Our managers searched and pleaded to find someone willing to move the shipment to that first truck.
 

'our team are more motivated than ever before'

 

I drove behind the delivery and watched those crates get loaded from one truck to the other. As they headed off for the Polish border, it felt like the greatest victory ever. But it was necessary to come back to earth and face the next challenge.
As I'm writing this, we have a container of critical aluminium sitting at Odessa port, 70 km from the eastern front line, with another container having been offloaded in Turkey, and we needed to find that. A new robot for our production (fully paid) is located in Sumy, east of Kyiv, and some 40 km from the Russian border.
Our sub-contract partner for heat treatment is also in Sumy. Our steel supplier is in Mariupol, and several more of our sub-contractors are in the industrial east. Plus, we had some tooling lost in the fighting at a Kyiv airport warehouse. In all, we have close to € 500,000 locked up and scattered all over Ukraine. But it's not important to us if we are safe. We can recover.
Despite these challenges, we have been able to make a second export shipment on 1st April, with more than 15 tons of sprockets going over the border to our warehouse in Poland. We have connected with many alternative suppliers for the lost material and services. Our team are more motivated than ever before, to prove that we are good enough and that we can't be stopped so easily - we have the belief.
Finally, I want to say that I do understand a little about the nature of the people attacking Ukraine. They don't respect diplomacy or negotiation. In the East, kindness is often seen as weakness. By showing strength, we send a clear message that we will never be defeated.
It is possible to repel the aggressor. We don't know what is going to be in front of us, but the united front of political parties and the determination to stand up to bullies is essential at this time.
We are extremely grateful for the international assistance to this point. Without the help from other nations, Russian forces would already be facing directly to the European community at the border. That would bring far higher danger for all in the West.




Galfer

Galfer 70th anniversary video

There are not many aftermarket vendors who can extend an invitation to help them celebrate a 70th anniversary, but one such is Spanish brakes specialist Galfer.


Filmed in eight different locations in Spain and Italy, the video explores the history of the company and stars seven Galfer riders from different disciplines: Edgar Torronteras (freestyle motocross), Bienvenido Aguado (freestyle bicycle), Lorenzo Baldassarri (speed motorcycles), Marco Aurelio Fontana (e-bike), Kirian Mirabet (trail motorbike), Mario Román (enduro extreme) and Kiara Fontanesi (motocross).
To showcase Galfer's 70-year journey from Italy to Spain, the story is framed by the riders transporting a Galfer package from the factory towards an unknown destination - Kiara Fontanesi reveals the surprise contents of the package at the end of the video.
The video was released at the Vive la Moto trade show in Madrid at the end of March.
www.galfermoto.com




News Briefs


VRM Spa, the owner of the storied Italian suspension brand Marzocchi, has confirmed that it is moving production to China in a partnership deal with Benelli owner Qiangjiang's QJMotors subsidiary, creating a new company called Zheijang Mazhouke Machinery Manufacturing. The new business will manufacture Marzocchi branded forks and shocks for sale in China and export worldwide. Production will be based at a new "state-of-the-art" facility in Zhejiang province. Florenzo Vanzetto, CEO of VRM, says that his company has grown Marzocchi turnover from € 8m a year when they saved the brand from liquidation in 2008 to € 32m now. Marzocchi was acquired by the € 8bn turnover Tenneco - the Monroe shocks owner - just as the global financial crisis started to bite. The U.S. conglomerate quite quicky decided to divest itself of what it judged likely to become an expensive and 'troubled' asset.

An end of February Derby Crown Court date in the UK, that would have decided if ex Norton owner and convicted pension fraudster Stuart Garner would face prison time, was postponed to an as yet unconfirmed alternate date.

British specialist R&G Crash Protection will again be an Official Partner to MotoAmerica, North America's premier road racing series, for a third consecutive year. Additionally, R&G will be a team sponsor for the Vision Wheels M4 ECSTAR Suzuki squad that will field Richie Escalante and Jake Lewis in the 2022 MotoAmerica Medallia Superbike series.

Italian helmet manufacturer Locatelli (Airoh) has extended its MXGP partnership with Infront Moto Racing for a further five years.

The self-proclaimed 'safest motorcycle rally in the world' - The '1000 Dunas' (1000 Dunes) Rally - returns for a third year in 2022. Starting at Granada, Spain, on October 22nd, then finishing back there on October 29th, having navigated the most arid parts of Morocco through exclusive motorcycle trails to reach the Merzouga desert. The first '1000 Dunas' was staged in 2018.


The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has reached a settlement agreement with North Las Vegas based Dynojet Research (and its Dynatek ignitions subsidiary) for $2.1m for violations of CARB's air quality regulations. This is the second enforcement action against Dynojet. In 2007, CARB settled with the company for $1m for selling non-exempt aftermarket vehicle parts in California that violated the state's air quality regulations. CARB says the latest violations were discovered in part due to CARB's relationship with the U.S. EPA. The infractions are said to have revolved around Dynojet's Power Commander. "While Dynojet received approval for exemptions of several add-on or modified parts from its product lines, the company also offered products such as the Power Commander and Dynatek ignition system that have not received exemptions from CARB and failed to meet California's regulations".

The Yamaha factory team has announced that it is to exit the Dakar and FIM Rallies. As the only manufacturer that has been in each Dakar Rally since motorcycles started to participate in 1979, its early years and 1990s success hasn't been replicated - its last Dakar win was in 1998 and last podium seven years ago. It has therefore pulled out of the 450 cc class at the Dakar and the FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship. Of the 168 motorcycles in the 2022 Dakar Rally, only nine of them were Yamahas. It will continue with its UTV effort, however. The company has also hinted at a possible return if it can develop its Ténéré 700 into a Rally-capable platform.

Described as building on the success of its 'Yard Built' custom bike projects, Yamaha has launched a youth rider facing ambassador led 'Free Spirits' campaign for the lightweight Yamaha XSR125. The youngest member of the Faster Sons family, the programme will be operated in Italy, France, Germany, Greece, Spain and Portugal. "The ambassadors themselves lead the design and changes to their XSR125 custom builds, visualising their unique requirements to create a new breed of 'Yard Built' with a real-world practical value to enhance their daily lives". The ambassadors will be drawn from a wide variety of specialties, including musicians, wakeboarders, surfers and artists.

Sources: AMD, IDN, FT, Reuters, PSB, MPN, BDN, MCN, AP, Bloomberg, MSNW, Electrek, electricmotorcycles.news, RideApart.com, Motor1.com, Cycle World, motorbikewriter.com